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Bureau of Indian Affairs |
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The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) is an agency of the federal government of the United States within the Department of the Interior charged with the administration and management of 55.7 million acres (87,000 sq. miles or 225,000 km²) of land held in trust by the United States for American Indians, Indian tribes and Alaska Natives. In addition, the Bureau of Indian Affairs provides education services to approximately 48,000 Indians. HistoryAlthough the bureau, which was called the Office of Indian Affairs, was formed in 1824, similar agencies had existed in the U.S. government as far back as 1775, when a trio of Indian agencies were created by the Second Continental Congress. Benjamin Franklin and Patrick Henry were among the early commissioners, who were charged with negotiating treaties with Native Americans and obtaining their neutrality during the American Revolutionary War. In 1789, the United States Congress placed Native American relations within the newly-formed War Department. By 1806, the Congress had created a Superintendent of Indian Trade within the War Department who was charged with maintaining the factory trading network of the fur trade. The post was held by Thomas L. McKenney from 1816 until the abolition of the factory system in 1822. In 1832 Congress established the position of Commissioner of Indian Affairs. In the Civil War Ely Samuel Parker was the first commissioner of Indian affairs.The abolition of the factory system left a vacuum within the U.S. government regarding Native American relations. The current Bureau of Indian Affairs was formed on March 11, 1824, by Secretary of War John C. Calhoun, who created the agency without authorization from the United States Congress. McKenney was appointed the first head of the office, which went by several names at first. McKenney preferred to call it the "Indian Office", whereas the current name was preferred by Calhoun. Like its predecessors, the bureau was originally a division of the Department of War. In 1849 it was transferred to the Department of the Interior. The bureau was renamed to Bureau of Indian Affairs in 1947 (from the original Office of Indian Affairs). CurrentlyThe Bureau of Indian Affairs is currently involved in a class-action lawsuit brought by Native American representatives against the United States government, see Cobell v. Kempthorne. The plaintiffs claim that the U.S. government has incorrectly accounted for Indian trust assets, which belong to individual Native Americans (as beneficial owners) but are managed by the Department of the Interior as the fiduciary trustee.See alsoExternal links
March 11 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining. Events..... Click the link for more information. 18th century - 19th century - 20th century 1790s 1800s 1810s - 1820s - 1830s 1840s 1850s 1821 1822 1823 - 1824 - 1825 1826 1827 : Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - ..... Click the link for more information. United States of America This article is part of the series: Politics and government of the United States Federal government Constitution Taxation President Vice President Cabinet Congress Senate ..... Click the link for more information. United States Department of the Interior Seal of the Department of the Interior Agency overview Formed March 3, 1849 Employees 71,436 (2004) Annual Budget $10. ..... Click the link for more information. American Indian and Alaska Native One race: 2.5 million[1] In combination with one or more other races: 1.6 million[2] Regions with significant populations United States ..... Click the link for more information. Federally recognized tribes are those Indian tribes recognized by the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs for certain federal government purposes. DescriptionIn the United States, the Indian tribe is a fundamental unit, and the constitution grants to the U.S...... Click the link for more information. Alaska Natives are indigenous peoples of the Americas native to the state of Alaska within the United States. They include Inupiat, Yupik, Aleut, and several Native American peoples, including Tlingit, Haida, Tsimshian, Eyak, and a number of Northern Athabaskan peoples. ..... Click the link for more information. 18th century - 19th century - 20th century 1790s 1800s 1810s - 1820s - 1830s 1840s 1850s 1821 1822 1823 - 1824 - 1825 1826 1827 : Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - ..... Click the link for more information. 8th century - 9th century - 10th century 850s 860s 870s - 880s - 890s 900s 910s 885 886 887 - 888 - 889 890 891 : Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - ..... Click the link for more information. Second Continental Congress was a body of representatives appointed by the legislatures of thirteen British North American colonies that met from May 10, 1775, to March 1, 1781. It was the body which adopted the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation. ..... Click the link for more information. Editing of this page by unregistered or newly registered users is currently disabled due to vandalism. If you are prevented from editing this page, and you wish to make a change, please discuss changes on the talk page, request unprotection, log in, or . ..... Click the link for more information. Patrick Henry (May 29, 1736 – June 6, 1799) was a prominent figure in the American Revolution, known and remembered primarily for his "Give me liberty or give me death" speech. ..... Click the link for more information. A neutral country takes no side in a war between other parties, and in return hopes to avoid being attacked by either of them. A neutralist policy aims at neutrality in case of an armed conflict that could involve the party in question. ..... Click the link for more information. Editing of this page by unregistered or newly registered users is currently disabled due to vandalism. If you are prevented from editing this page, and you wish to make a change, please discuss changes on the talk page, request unprotection, log in, or . ..... Click the link for more information. 8th century - 9th century - 10th century 850s 860s 870s - 880s - 890s 900s 910s 885 886 887 - 888 - 889 890 891 : Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - ..... Click the link for more information. United States Congress Type Bicameral Houses Senate House of Representatives President of the Senate President pro tempore Dick Cheney, (R) since January 20, 2001 Robert C. ..... Click the link for more information. United States Department of War was the department of the United States government's executive branch responsible for the operation and maintenance of land (and later air) forces from 1789 until September 18, 1947, when it became part of the National Military Establishment ..... Click the link for more information. 8th century - 9th century - 10th century 850s 860s 870s - 880s - 890s 900s 910s 885 886 887 - 888 - 889 890 891 : Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - ..... Click the link for more information. Factory was an English term for trading posts established in Native American Indian territory for the purpose of enhancing Indian trade with European colonists and, later, the United States. ..... Click the link for more information. fur trade is a worldwide industry which involves the collection and sale of animal fur. Russian fur tradeBefore the colonization of the Americas, Russia was a major fur supplier of Western Europe and parts of Asia...... Click the link for more information. Thomas Loraine McKenney (1785–1859) was a United States official who served as Superintendent of Indian Trade from 1816–1822. After the abolishment of the U.S. Indian Trade program in 1822, then Secretary of War John C. ..... Click the link for more information. 18th century - 19th century - 20th century 1780s 1790s 1800s - 1810s - 1820s 1830s 1840s 1813 1814 1815 - 1816 - 1817 1818 1819 : Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - ..... Click the link for more information. 18th century - 19th century - 20th century 1790s 1800s 1810s - 1820s - 1830s 1840s 1850s 1819 1820 1821 - 1822 - 1823 1824 1825 : Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - ..... Click the link for more information. Ely Samuel Parker (1828 – August 31, 1895), (born Hasanoanda, later known as Donehogawa) was an Iroquois of the Seneca tribe born at Indian Falls, New York (then part of the Tonawanda Reservation). ..... Click the link for more information. March 11 is the 1st day of the year (2nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 0 days remaining. Events..... Click the link for more information. 18th century - 19th century - 20th century 1790s 1800s 1810s - 1820s - 1830s 1840s 1850s 1821 1822 1823 - 1824 - 1825 1826 1827 : Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - ..... Click the link for more information. The Secretary of War was a member of the United States President's Cabinet, beginning with George Washington's administration. The Secretary of War led the War Department. At first, he was responsible for all military affairs. ..... Click the link for more information. John Caldwell Calhoun (March 18, 1782 – March 31, 1850) was a leading United States Southern politician and political philosopher from South Carolina during the first half of the 19th century, at the center of the foreign policy and financial disputes of his age and best ..... Click the link for more information. United States Congress Type Bicameral Houses Senate House of Representatives President of the Senate President pro tempore Dick Cheney, (R) since January 20, 2001 Robert C. ..... Click the link for more information. 18th century - 19th century - 20th century 1810s 1820s 1830s - 1840s - 1850s 1860s 1870s 1846 1847 1848 - 1849 - 1850 1851 1852 : Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - ..... Click the link for more information. This article is copied from an article on Wikipedia® - the free encyclopedia created and edited by online user community. The text was not checked or edited by anyone on our staff. 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NWCG agencies include: Bureau of Indian Affairs, Bureau of Land Management, Fish and Wildlife Service, National Park Service, US Forest Service, Tribal Council, and State Forestry Agencies. |
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Indian Affairs, Bureau of
